Mastering reading comprehension is a key component of preparing for the ACT and SAT. After all, a student cannot be successful on these tests without a clear understanding of what each question asks, the nuances of each reading passage, and what a writing prompt outlines. Fully grasping the meaning of what you’re reading involves many layers.
Julie Mueller, one of our A+ tutors, helps students with ACT and SAT prep, as well as subjects ranging from algebra to literature. She suggests students focus on three helpful strategies.
Identify the Problem, Then Solve
The first step is identifying where the issue lies in unpacking and evaluating the information.
“My goal as a tutor is not only to help teach the student how to read better, but also to help the student self-identify what the particular issue is,” Julie explains.
For example, if a student doesn’t know a word in a reading passage but gets directed back to it, he should look for context because often there is a set-up sentence or an explanation sentence that follows.
If a student complains in general that the reading passages are difficult to understand, encourage her to use the following active reading strategies:
•read the title or short description that often precedes the text—this information often provides valuable context;
•use your finger or a pencil to “trace” the text as you read;
•underline, circle, or star key concepts;
•write brief, meaningful notes in the margins about tone, setting, transitions, and key people, events, or characters.
Annotating in this way not only aids comprehension, but can also be a timesaver when searching for evidence in the passage to answer a question.
Julie adds that the sooner the specific problem is identified and corrected, the better. Otherwise, these reading issues will continue into college.
Subvocalization
There are students who need to physically see written words to comprehend the information – visual learners who digest the information by reading with their eyes. However, in sharp contrast, many students actually benefit most from speaking the information aloud to process it.
“If a student hears something out loud, their brain processes it completely differently than reading that same information with their eyes,” Mueller explains. “If it’s content that is not of great interest to the student, taking it in by reading out loud can make all the difference in the world.”
She adds that practicing subvocalization techniques and reading content aloud, even if it’s very quietly to oneself, has proven to be very beneficial for students struggling with reading comprehension.
Piece by Piece
Choosing an article that is fairly dense, such as one from The New York Times, and analyzing it one chunk at a time, is another helpful tip. Try stepping into a complex article and assessing it piece by piece, one sentence and paragraph at a time.
“Identify statements of purpose, verb tenses, the flow of the author’s argument – breaking it up and dissecting it is usually easier than looking at it as one large intimidating text,” Julie explains.
Practicing splicing a large text into smaller bits will become an automatic process with repeated practice.
No matter a student’s reading level, it’s never too early (or late) to implement reading comprehension strategies. If you have a question about how one of our Philadelphia-area tutoring programs can help your student, please contact us at 215-886-9188.
Photo credit: Sam Greenhalgh
